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Java数据库——JDBC和JDBC 2.0 API

tonglin0325

**JDBC(Java Database Connectivity)**，Java数据库连接，提供了一种与平台无关的用于执行SQL语句的标准Java API，可以方便地实现多种关系型数据库的统一操作，它由一组用Java语言编写的类和接口组成。

 

JDBC的主要操作类及接口

 

JDBC 2.0 API

 

可滚动的结果集

让结果集滚动起来

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import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.*;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class JDBC20_demo {
	
	//定义MySQL的数据库驱动程序
	public static final String DBDRIVER = "org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver";
	//定义MySQL数据库的连接地址
	public static final String DBURL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql_demo";
	//MySQL数据库的连接用户名
	public static final String DBUSER = "root";
	//MySQL数据库的连接密码
	public static final String DBPASS = "123456";
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
		// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
		 Connection conn = null;                     //数据库连接
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null; //数据库操作
        ResultSet rs = null;                                //保存结果集
         
        String sql = "SELECT id,name,password,age,sex,birthday "+  " FROM user";
        Class.forName(DBDRIVER);            //加载驱动程序
        //连接MySQL数据库时，要写上连接的用户名和密码
        conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DBURL,DBUSER,DBPASS);
        //实例化PreparedStatement
        pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql,ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE,ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY);
        rs = pstmt.executeQuery();                          //查询
        
        System.out.println("第二条数据：");
        rs.absolute(1);		//输出第2条，从0开始
        print(rs,1);
        
        System.out.println("第一条数据：");
        rs.beforeFirst();		//输出第1条
        print(rs,1);
        
        System.out.println("第二条数据：");
        rs.afterLast();		//输出最后1条
        print(rs,-1);
	}

	public static void print(ResultSet rs,int re) throws Exception{
		if(re>0){
			rs.next();				//由前向后输出
		}else{
			rs.previous();		//有后向前输出
		}
		int id = rs.getInt(1);
		String name = rs.getString(2);
		String pass = rs.getString(3);
		int age = rs.getInt(4);
		String sex = rs.getString(5);
		java.util.Date d = rs.getDate(6);
		System.out.println("编号："+ id);
		System.out.println("姓名："+name);
		System.out.println("密码："+pass);
		System.out.println("年龄："+age);
		System.out.println("性别："+sex);
		System.out.println("生日："+d);
	}
	
}

 

使用结果集插入数据

 

**　　直接在user表中增加数据**

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import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.*;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class JDBC20_demo {
	
	//定义MySQL的数据库驱动程序
	public static final String DBDRIVER = "org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver";
	//定义MySQL数据库的连接地址
	public static final String DBURL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql_demo";
	//MySQL数据库的连接用户名
	public static final String DBUSER = "root";
	//MySQL数据库的连接密码
	public static final String DBPASS = "123456";
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
		// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
		
		Connection conn = null;                     //数据库连接
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null; //数据库操作
        ResultSet rs = null;                                //保存结果集
         
        String sql = "SELECT id,name,password,age,sex,birthday "+  " FROM user";
        Class.forName(DBDRIVER);            //加载驱动程序
        //连接MySQL数据库时，要写上连接的用户名和密码
        conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DBURL,DBUSER,DBPASS);
        //实例化PreparedStatement
        pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql,ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE,ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE);
        rs = pstmt.executeQuery();                       //实例化ResulitSet对象
        rs.moveToInsertRow(); 							//移动到可以插入的数据行
        rs.updateString("name", "张三");
        rs.updateString("password", "zhangsan");
        rs.updateInt("age", 14);
        rs.updateString("sex", "女");
        rs.updateDate("birthday", new java.sql.Date(new java.util.Date().getTime()));
        rs.insertRow(); 			//插入数据
        rs.close();
        pstmt.close();
        conn.close();
        
	}

	public static void print(ResultSet rs,int re) throws Exception{
		if(re>0){
			rs.next();				//由前向后输出
		}else{
			rs.previous();		//有后向前输出
		}
		int id = rs.getInt(1);
		String name = rs.getString(2);
		String pass = rs.getString(3);
		int age = rs.getInt(4);
		String sex = rs.getString(5);
		java.util.Date d = rs.getDate(6);
		System.out.println("编号："+ id);
		System.out.println("姓名："+name);
		System.out.println("密码："+pass);
		System.out.println("年龄："+age);
		System.out.println("性别："+sex);
		System.out.println("生日："+d);
	}
	
}

 

使用结果集更新数据

**　　使用限定查询，查询id编号为3的用户信息，并更新其信息**

查询到了才能更新，如果没有就不能更新

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import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.*;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class JDBC20_demo {
	
	//定义MySQL的数据库驱动程序
	public static final String DBDRIVER = "org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver";
	//定义MySQL数据库的连接地址
	public static final String DBURL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql_demo";
	//MySQL数据库的连接用户名
	public static final String DBUSER = "root";
	//MySQL数据库的连接密码
	public static final String DBPASS = "123456";
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
		// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
        
		Connection conn = null;                     //数据库连接
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null; //数据库操作
        ResultSet rs = null;                                //保存结果集
         
        String sql = "SELECT id,name,password,age,sex,birthday "+  " FROM user WHERE id=?";
        Class.forName(DBDRIVER);            //加载驱动程序
        //连接MySQL数据库时，要写上连接的用户名和密码
        conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DBURL,DBUSER,DBPASS);
        //实例化PreparedStatement
        pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql,ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE,ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE);
        pstmt.setInt(1, 2);  										//更新3号用户
        rs = pstmt.executeQuery();                       //实例化ResulitSet对象
        rs.last();																//移动到最后一行
        rs.updateString("name", "王小明");
        rs.updateString("password", "wangxiaoming");
        rs.updateInt("age", 24);
        rs.updateString("sex", "男");
        rs.updateDate("birthday", new java.sql.Date(new java.util.Date().getTime()));
        rs.updateRow(); 						//更新数据
        rs.close();									//关闭结果集
        pstmt.close();
        conn.close();
	}

	public static void print(ResultSet rs,int re) throws Exception{
		if(re>0){
			rs.next();				//由前向后输出
		}else{
			rs.previous();		//有后向前输出
		}
		int id = rs.getInt(1);
		String name = rs.getString(2);
		String pass = rs.getString(3);
		int age = rs.getInt(4);
		String sex = rs.getString(5);
		java.util.Date d = rs.getDate(6);
		System.out.println("编号："+ id);
		System.out.println("姓名："+name);
		System.out.println("密码："+pass);
		System.out.println("年龄："+age);
		System.out.println("性别："+sex);
		System.out.println("生日："+d);
	}
	
}

 

 

使用结果集删除数据

**　　使用deleteRow()方法**

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import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.*;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class JDBC20_demo {
	
	//定义MySQL的数据库驱动程序
	public static final String DBDRIVER = "org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver";
	//定义MySQL数据库的连接地址
	public static final String DBURL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql_demo";
	//MySQL数据库的连接用户名
	public static final String DBUSER = "root";
	//MySQL数据库的连接密码
	public static final String DBPASS = "123456";
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
		// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
		
		Connection conn = null;                     //数据库连接
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null; //数据库操作
        ResultSet rs = null;                                //保存结果集
         
        String sql = "SELECT id,name,password,age,sex,birthday "+  " FROM user WHERE id=?";
        Class.forName(DBDRIVER);            //加载驱动程序
        //连接MySQL数据库时，要写上连接的用户名和密码
        conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DBURL,DBUSER,DBPASS);
        //实例化PreparedStatement
        pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql,ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE,ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE);
        pstmt.setInt(1, 2);  										//更新3号用户
        rs = pstmt.executeQuery();                       //实例化ResulitSet对象
        rs.last();																//移动到最后一行
        rs.deleteRow(); 						//删除数据
        rs.close();									//关闭结果集
        pstmt.close();
        conn.close();
	}

	public static void print(ResultSet rs,int re) throws Exception{
		if(re>0){
			rs.next();				//由前向后输出
		}else{
			rs.previous();		//有后向前输出
		}
		int id = rs.getInt(1);
		String name = rs.getString(2);
		String pass = rs.getString(3);
		int age = rs.getInt(4);
		String sex = rs.getString(5);
		java.util.Date d = rs.getDate(6);
		System.out.println("编号："+ id);
		System.out.println("姓名："+name);
		System.out.println("密码："+pass);
		System.out.println("年龄："+age);
		System.out.println("性别："+sex);
		System.out.println("生日："+d);
	}
	
}

 

批处理

 

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import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.*;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class JDBC20_demo {
	
	//定义MySQL的数据库驱动程序
	public static final String DBDRIVER = "org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver";
	//定义MySQL数据库的连接地址
	public static final String DBURL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql_demo";
	//MySQL数据库的连接用户名
	public static final String DBUSER = "root";
	//MySQL数据库的连接密码
	public static final String DBPASS = "123456";
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
		// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
		
	  Connection conn = null;                     //数据库连接
      PreparedStatement pstmt = null; //数据库操作
       
      String sql = "INSERT INTO user (name,password,age,sex,birthday) "+  " VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)";
      Class.forName(DBDRIVER);            //加载驱动程序
      //连接MySQL数据库时，要写上连接的用户名和密码
      conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DBURL,DBUSER,DBPASS);
      //实例化PreparedStatement
      pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
      for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
    	  pstmt.setString(1, "张三&mdash;"+i);
    	  pstmt.setString(2, "mima&mdash;"+i);
    	  pstmt.setInt(3, 20+i);
    	  pstmt.setString(4, "男");
    	  pstmt.setDate(5, new Date(new java.util.Date().getTime()));
    	  pstmt.addBatch(); 			//加入批处理等待执行
      }
      int temp[] = pstmt.executeBatch(); 				//批量执行
      pstmt.close();
      conn.close();
	}

	public static void print(ResultSet rs,int re) throws Exception{
		if(re>0){
			rs.next();				//由前向后输出
		}else{
			rs.previous();		//有后向前输出
		}
		int id = rs.getInt(1);
		String name = rs.getString(2);
		String pass = rs.getString(3);
		int age = rs.getInt(4);
		String sex = rs.getString(5);
		java.util.Date d = rs.getDate(6);
		System.out.println("编号："+ id);
		System.out.println("姓名："+name);
		System.out.println("密码："+pass);
		System.out.println("年龄："+age);
		System.out.println("性别："+sex);
		System.out.println("生日："+d);
	}
	
}

 

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